International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Science (IJNMS)
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Science (IJNMS) is peer reviewed journal that publish article nursing, midwifery and health science, provides a forum for articles on all aspects of higher degree nursing and midwifery education, research, and management and health service. This peer-reviewed international Journal is concerned with the whole spectrum of skills, knowledge and attitudes utilised by practitioners in any setting where adults or children, and their families are experiencing critical illness. Further, it also supports to the research methods relevant to nursing, midwifery and other health related professions. EDITION: APRIL, AUGUST, DECEMBER EISSN: 2686-2123 PISSN: 2686-0538 Language: English Author Fee: Rp 750.000 Publisher: LPPM Universitas Bina Sehat PPNI Mojokerto SINTA 4 / Certificate GARUDA
Departement Research and Community Engagement Bina Sehat PPNI Institute of Health Science, Indonesia
Authors who publish with IJNMS agree to the following terms Authors retain copyright licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work non-commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). Authors can archive pre-print and post-print or publisher's version/PDF.
EFFECTIVENESS OF COMBINED RESISTANCE EXERCISE AND WARMWATER IMMERSION ON FOOT SENSITIVITY IN TYPE 2 DIABETESMELLITUS: A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. One complication in DM patients is diabetic ulcers that begin with peripheral neuropathy. This peripheral neuropathy causes decreased sensitivity in the feet, so that people with diabetes mellitus often experience loss of sensation in the feet. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of resistance exercise and warm water soaks on the sensitivity value of the feet of diabetes mellitus patients. The research method used was quantitative with a Pre-Experimental design, namely One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The population of this study were all type II Diabetes Mellitus patients under the management of the Blooto Health Center Work Area, Mojokerto City. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 32 respondents. The results of the statistical test with the Wilcoxon Rank Test showed a p value = 0.001 (p <0.05), indicating that there was a significant difference between before and after the intervention. The z value = -5.099 also strengthens the existence of significant changes with the direction of change indicating improvement.
Combination of Resistance Exercise and Warm Water Soak
Copyright (c) 2025 Arum Dwi Ningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
MEDICATION ERRORS IN THE PRESCRIBING AND TRANSCRIBING PHASE: CASE STUDY
Medication errors are a leading cause of patient safety incidents in primary healthcare facilities and often occur during the prescribing and transcribing phases , the initial stages of the medication use process. This case study aims to examine in-depth a medication error incident involving the erroneous prescription of gentamicin skin ointment for an eye complaint in a patient. Data were collected through medical record reviews, documentation audits, incident reports, and in-depth interviews with healthcare workers involved in the prescribing, transcribing, and dispensing processes. The study results revealed several discrepancies in the prescribing phase , including illegible prescriptions, incomplete drug names, omissions of instructions for use, and the omission of important clinical information such as allergy history, prescription date, and patient physiological parameters. In the transcribing phase , errors occurred due to incorrectly transcribing the drug name and instructions for use. Systemic factors contributing to this incident include high workload, limited human resources, and suboptimal implementation of medication safety procedures in accordance with national pharmaceutical service standards. These findings emphasize the importance of improving prescription clarity, strengthening verification mechanisms, and adherence to SOPs in efforts to minimize medication errors and strengthen patient safety.
Copyright (c) 2025 MUHAMMAD ROYANUL FIRDAUS, Lutfi Qamari, Ana Zakiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
FOOD INTAKE, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSEAMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONALSTUDY
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia due to reduced insulin sensitivity and impaired insulin secretion. Poor monitoring of dietary intake and low physical activity often worsen glycemic control. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary intake assessed through food recall, physical activity, and fasting blood glucose levels in T2DM patients. This quantitative research employed a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach and was conducted at Blooto Public Health Center in September 2025. A total of 80 respondents were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a 3-day food recall analyzed with the FatSecret application, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and fasting blood glucose measurements using a glucometer. Data analysis included Chi-square tests and Linear Regression. Results showed that 60% of respondents consumed more than 50 grams of sugar per day, 60% had light to moderate physical activity, and 62.5% exhibited elevated fasting blood glucose (>100 mg/dL). Significant relationships were found between food recall and fasting blood glucose (p = 0.000) and between physical activity and fasting blood glucose (p = 0.000). However, the combined effect of dietary intake and physical activity was not significant (p = 0.996). Strengthening dietary education and promoting regular physical activity are essential to improve glycemic control in T2DM patients.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizky Meuthia Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MUMPS AMONG CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN CISOKA PUSKESMAS, INDONESIA
Background: Mumps remains a vaccine-preventable illness with periodic outbreaks in areas with low immunization coverage. Rural settings often show higher susceptibility due to limited healthcare access. Aims: To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of mumps among children and adolescents at Cisoka Puskesmas, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all pediatric patients clinically diagnosed with mumps from January to March 2025 based on WHO criteria. Demographic data, MR vaccination status, clinical features, and household exposures were obtained through interviews and clinical evaluation. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0. Result: Seventy-six mumps cases were identified, yielding a prevalence of 4.38%. The highest age-specific prevalence occurred in children aged 6–11 years (6.45%). Unilateral parotitis accounted for 71.1% of cases. Common symptoms included fever (96.1%), chewing pain (61.8%), and painful swallowing (51.3%). Only 59.2% had received MR vaccination, and 65.8% lived in close contact with at least one active smoker. Conclusion: Mumps continues to circulate among the pediatric population in rural Tangerang, driven by inadequate MR vaccination coverage and modifiable household-level exposures such as close contact with smokers. Strengthening immunization uptake and reducing preventable exposures are critical to mitigate future outbreaks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Ikmal Syafi'i, David Christian, Indri, Trisna Amerdista https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
TOO YOUNG TO CARRY: UNDERSTANDING THE DOUBLE BURDEN OF ANEMIA AND EARLY PREGNANCY AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN RURAL TANGERANG
Background: Anemia during pregnancy continues to be a significant public health concern, especially among adolescents in low-resource settings. This study examines the prevalence of anemia among pregnant adolescents (<20 years) in Cisoka Puskesmas, Indonesia. Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design with total sampling, we examined medical records from January to December 2024. Hemoglobin levels were measured using Onemed HbCheck Hemoglobin Test Meter, with anemia defined as Hb <11.0 g/dL. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using SPSS 26. Results: Among 76 participants, the prevalence of anemia was 46.1%, peaking in the third trimester (54.3%). Mean hemoglobin levels showed a notable decline across trimesters (11.48 g/dL in the first trimester to 10.43 g/dL in the third trimester). Most participants (67.1%) had inadequate antenatal care (<4 visits). Moderate anemia predominated (51.4%), particularly in the second trimester (62.5%). Conclusion: This study reveals high anemia prevalence among pregnant adolescents in rural Tangerang, closely linked to advanced gestation and inadequate antenatal care. These results highlight the necessity for adolescent-specific iron supplementation and enhanced antenatal services for this vulnerable population.
Copyright (c) 2025 Trisna Amerdista, David Christian, Indri, Muhammad Ikmal Syafii https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFFECT OF SIMULATION-BASED SPLINTING TRAINING ONKNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS OF DESTANA VOLUNTEERS: A PRE–POSTEXPERIMENTAL STUDY
A disaster is an event or series of events that threaten and harm people's lives, caused by natural factors, non-natural factors, or human activity, resulting in material losses, loss of life, environmental damage, and psychological impacts. Matesih District has many steep slopes and experiences heavy rainfall. This situation resulted in extensive erosion, soil weathering, and landslides. One of the disasters that once struck Matesih was a landslide that resulted in several people suffering minor injuries. Injuries experienced by residents are usually related to the musculoskeletal system. This study aims to evaluate the impact of splinting training using simulation methods on the understanding and splinting skills of Destana volunteers in dealing with disasters. The methodology used in this study is a quantitative research type with a quasi-experimental design. There were 27 respondents who became the sample of this study, obtained through the Total Sampling Technique. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test. The results of the Wilcoxon Test showed a p-value of 0.000. This indicates the effect of splinting training using simulation methods on the understanding and splinting skills of Destana volunteers in dealing with disasters in Girilayu Village, Karanganyar. From these results, it can be concluded that splinting training using simulation methods can improve the understanding and skills of splinting, so that respondents are more active in participating in the training and can disseminate the splinting skills they have learned.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yeni Nur Rahmayanti rahmayanti, Fadma Aji Pramudita, Christiana Arin Proborini, Pipi Anonyma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
BEHAVIOR DETERMINANTS OF STUNTING PREVENTION INADOLESCENT GIRLS IN THE TIDORE ISLANDS
Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that remains a national concern because it impacts the quality of human resources in the future. Adolescent girls play a crucial role in stunting prevention efforts, as they are potential mothers who play a role in creating a healthy generation. This study aims to analyze factors related to stunting prevention behavior in adolescent girls at State Senior High School 5 Tidore Islands. This study was quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The study population included all 274 female students at State Senior High School 5 Tidore Islands, with a sample of 73 students taken using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results showed a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.000), and social environment (p = 0.000) with stunting prevention behavior. The Odds Ratio (OR) value for knowledge was 17.409; attitude 31.963; and social environment 19.419. The conclusion of this study is that the better the knowledge, attitudes, and social environment of adolescent girls, the better their behavior in preventing stunting.
Stunting, Adolescent Girls, Knowledge, Attitude, Social Environment
Copyright (c) 2025 Osnawati Marsaoly; Arif Mustofa; Sulastri Marapil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION WITH AUDIOVISUAL METHODS ON KNOWLEDGE FIRST AID FOR BURN ON HOUSEWIVESIN GENERAL POLY ROOM PKM PURI MOJOKERTO REGENCY
ABTRACT Burns are a form of trauma that occurs as a result of human activities in the household, industry, or natural disasters. Lack of knowledge makes many people still believe that using toothpaste, ice, raw egg white, soy sauce can heal burns, after doing research on kitchen ingredients it will worsen burns because they will expand and not stop the spread of burns. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education with audiovisual methods on knowledge of burn wound first aid among housewives in General Poly Room PKM Puri Mojokerto Regency. The population in this study were housewives in General Poly Room PKM Puri Mojokerto Regency. as many as 60 people. Sampling in this study using purposive sampling. The sample in this study were all housewives as many as 50 people. Before being given health education on first aid burns, the level of knowledge was less than 28 people (56%). After being given health education about first aid for burns using the audiovisual method, some of the respondents had good posttest scores with a total of 33 respondents (66%). Atatistic test using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test with the help of SPSS obtained a significance level of a = 0.05 and the results were p = 0.000 which means p <0.05, namely H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that there is an effect of health education with audiovisual methods on aid knowledge. The first is burns to housewives in General Poly Room PKM Puri Mojokerto Regency. Keywords: Health Education, Audiovisual, Burns, Knowledge Level
Health Education, Audiovisual, Burns, Knowledge Level
Copyright (c) 2025 Binarti Dwi Wahyuningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPERVISION WITH COMPLIANCE WITH NURSING ROUND DOCUMENTATION IN THE CHILD CARE ROOM
Nursing rounding is conducted every two hours, which includes monitoring patient complaints, monitoring IV line complaints, positioning the patient comfortably, meeting personal needs, meeting elimination needs, and maintaining privacy. In-service conditions, nurses' compliance with nursing rounding documentation remains low. Compliance with nursing rounding documentation can be improved through nurse supervision. This study aims to analyze the relationship between supervision and compliance with nursing rounding documentation. This study used a correlational analytical approach with a cross-sectional method. A sample of 84 nurses was selected using purposive sampling from a population of 90 nurses. The instruments used included a nursing rounding documentation observation questionnaire, GROW-ME coaching, and a compliance observation sheet. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman Rho correlation test. Most nurses received good supervision (89%). Eighty percent of nurses demonstrated compliance with nursing rounding documentation. There was a significant relationship between supervision and nursing rounding documentation (p=0.000). Nurse supervision significantly increased compliance with nursing rounding documentation. It is recommended that institutions strengthen coaching, training, and motivation programs to improve the quality of documentation and overall nursing care.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tri Ratna Ningsih; Ita bagus argentina , Aris suprianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NURSING THEORIES “NEED FOR HELP WIEDENBACH” AND “CONSERVATION LEVINE” IN NURSING CARE FOR PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PREECLAMPSIA
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal death during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. The consequences of preeclampsia include HELLP syndrome, cardiovascular disorders, lung, kidney, and liver failure, coagulopathy, placental abruption, and cerebral hemorrhage. The consequences for the fetus include Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) and Intra-Uterine Fetal Death (IUFD). A comprehensive approach is needed in providing nursing care to mothers with preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to apply Wiedenbach's "Need for Help" and Levine's "Conservation" theories to the practice of nursing care for pregnant women with preeclampsia. The research method used was a case study with a focus on the application of Wiedenbach's "Need for Help" and Levine's "Conservation" theories to the practice of nursing care for pregnant women with preeclampsia. This theory was applied to two patients. Wiedenbach's theory emphasizes the importance of nurses' sensitivity in recognizing the comprehensive needs of pregnant women, including physical, psychological, and educational. Levine's theory reinforces this intervention with the principle of preserving patient integrity, which includes energy, structural, personal, and social aspects. The integration of these two theories strengthens the role of nurses as therapeutic agents who are able to manage risks, educate, and empower patients, especially pregnant women with preeclampsia.
Pre eclampsia; Need For Help Wiedenbach; Conservation Levine
Copyright (c) 2025 Indah Lestari, Noer Saudah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF THE "KELAS IBU HAMIL" APPLICATION ON DELIVERY PREPAREDNESS IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Good delivery preparedness significantly reduces maternal and infant complications. Pregnant mother's classes are crucial for enhancing this readiness, now available in flexible digital formats alongside traditional face-to-face sessions due to technological advancements. However, the systematic effectiveness of these digital classes requires further proof. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the "Kelas Ibu Hamil" application on delivery preparedness. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a control group. The study population comprised 40 pregnant women receiving Antenatal Care at Puskesmas Pembantu Tambak Agung, Puri, Mojokerto. Total sampling ensured all eligible women became respondents, with 20 assigned to an intervention group using the "Kelas Ibu Hamil" application and another 20 to a control group receiving routine education. Delivery preparedness was measured using a specific questionnaire. Data analysis utilized the Paired Sample T-Test. Results indicated a significant difference in pre-test and post-test scores across four weeks (p < 0.05). These findings confirm that the application effectively improves delivery preparedness by enabling mothers to learn independently, access materials anytime, and consult healthcare professionals directly.
Delivery preparedness, Pregnant women, Kelas Ibu Hamil, Mobile health application.
Copyright (c) 2025 Asirotul Marifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
OVERVIEW OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS INELDERLY PEOPLE AT THE SINDUADI VILLAGE
This study aims to describe the status of blood pressure and blood sugar levels among elderly people at the Sinduadi Health Center. A descriptive quantitative method with a cross-sectional design was used, involving 97 elderly respondents selected through total sampling. Data collection included direct measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as random blood glucose levels. The results showed that the average age of respondents was 67.36 ± 6.55 years, with an average systolic blood pressure of 133.63 ± 16.66 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 75.12 ± 11.50 mmHg. The mean blood glucose level was 140.03 ± 70.83 mg/dL. Most respondents were classified as pre-hypertensive (49.5%), followed by hypertensive (30.9%) and normal (19.6%), while for blood glucose, 62.9% were normal, 22.7% pre-diabetic, and 14.4% diabetic. The findings indicate that elderly people at the Sinduadi Health Center tend to experience increased blood pressure and blood glucose levels with age. This pattern emphasizes the importance of routine monitoring of blood pressure and blood sugar levels and the implementation of health education programs for lifestyle modification to prevent the progression of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus among the elderly population.
elderly; blood pressure; blood glucose; prehypertension; prediabetes
Disiplin: Kesehatan Masyarakat; Keperawatan; Kesehatan Lansia
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr.Utami,S.Kep.,Ns.,M.Kes, dede efendy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN DEPRESSION LEVEL AND INDEPENDENT LEVEL IN ACTIVITY OF DAILY LIVING (ADL) IN THE ELDERLY WITH AGE 60 YEARS AND OLDER
Depression is a feeling of sadness and pessimism associated with an affliction. It can be an attack is shown on self or a deep feeling of anger that can affect the activity of daily living in the elderly. The purpose of this research was to determine the Relationship between Depression Level and Independent Level in Activity of Daily Living (ADL) in The Elderly with Age 60 Years and Older in Hamlet Candisari Village Awang Awang District Mojosari-Mojokerto. This research used analytic correlation survey method with cross sectional approach. The population in this research were all elderly with age 60 years and older in Hamlet Candisari Village Awang Awang District Mojosari-Mojokerto as many as 89 elderly that were taken by total sampling method. In this research, the data collection methods used a depression questionnaire and standard self-sufficiency measure in ADL. The result of the research were more than half of respondents had mild depression as many as 65 respondents (73.0%) with medium dependency as many as 34 respondents (38.2%), then the respondents of moderate to severe depression as many as 18 respondents (20.3%) respondents with moderate dependence as many as 11 respondents (12.4%), and the respondents who are not depressed as many as 6 respondents (6.7%) can still be independent as many as 3 respondents (3.4%). The analysis used cross tabulation showed the relationship between depression level and independent level in activity of daily living (ADL) the wigher level of depression in elderly, then the lower the level of independence.Elderly should be able to Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and regularly attend the elderly health post (Posyandu) and interact socially with the surrounding community.
Depression Level, Activity of Daily living (ADL)
Copyright (c) 2025 HERI TRIWIBOWO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
IMPLEMENTATION OF PREGNANT MASSAGE AT THE BL40 (WEIZHONG) ACUPRESSURE POINT TO REDUCE LOWER BACK PAIN IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE 2ND AND 3RD TRIMESER
Lower back pain is the most common form of discomfort during pregnancy experienced by mothers, especially in the second and third trimesters. Hormonal changes, weight gain, and biomechanical adaptations of the body are the main factors causing this complaint. The impact is not only pain but also disrupts daily activities, sleep quality, and increases stress. Pharmacological management is not always safe, so non-pharmacological interventions are more recommended. One potential method is pregnancy massage with stimulation of the BL40 (Weizhong) acupressure point, which works to relax muscles, improve circulation, and stimulate the release of endorphins. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest without a control group. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women in their second and third trimesters who experienced lower back pain and received antenatal care at the Sujiati Nur Elys TPMB, Dlanggu District, Mojokerto Regency. The intervention was given three times a week, with pain measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The results showed that before the intervention, the majority of respondents experienced severe pain (53.3%), while after the intervention, none experienced severe pain. A total of 26.7% of respondents had no pain, 53.3% had mild pain, and 20% had moderate pain. The Wilcoxon test showed p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference before and after the intervention. Thus, pregnancy massage at the BL40 point has been proven effective in reducing lower back pain in pregnant women.
Copyright (c) 2025 Naning Puji Suryantini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF PEPPERMINT AROMATHERAPY ON THE INTENSITY OF NAUSEA AND VOMITING IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER I
A woman experiences pregnancy, which lasts from conception (fertilization) until the baby is born. Excessive nausea and vomiting, or hyperemesis gravidarum, can also negatively impact the developing fetus, including abortion, low birth weight, premature delivery, and birth defects. This study aims to determine the effect of peppermint aromatherapy on the intensity of nausea and vomiting in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum. The research design used in this study is Pre Experimental Designs. The population in this study were all Hyperemesis Gravidarum Patients at TPM Ny. Fifin Nur Indah for 1 month totaling 25 while the sample in this study was Hyperemesis Gravidarum Patients totaling 25 using Non-probability Sampling with Total sampling method. The measuring tool or instrument in this study was The Rhodes Index Nausea Vomiting and Retching (INVR). This analysis was to find the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable using cross tabulating and the Wilcoxon statistical test with a significance level of 0,05. Before the intervention, most of the respondents experienced hyperemesis gravidarum with nausea and vomiting in the moderate category, as many as 22 respondents (88%). After the intervention, most of the respondents experienced hyperemesis gravidarum with nausea and vomiting in the mild category, as many as 20 respondents (80%). There was a decrease in nausea and vomiting in 80% of respondents. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, the probability value Asym.sig 2 P-Value 0.000 failed <0.05, so H1 is accepted, meaning there is an effect of Peppermint Aromatherapy on the intensity of nausea and vomiting in Hyperemesis Gravidarum patients. With complementary therapy, Peppermint Aromatherapy provides good benefits for pregnant women with nausea and vomiting and is certainly safe for pregnant women because it uses herbs.
Peppermint Aromatherapy, Nausea and Vomiting, Women Pregnancy
Copyright (c) 2025 Heni Frilasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at higher risk of developing various types of cancer and viral infections compared to the general population. Cancers after diagnosis HIV (AIDS-defining cancers) include Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer, and lymphoma. However, cancer can be various types of cancer, it's called non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC). The aim of this study was to identify the relatedness between cancer and HIV and estimate the timeframe for the onset of cancer symptoms after HIV infection. The descriptive analysis method involved 23 respondents with HIV and cancer. The study results showed NADC: breast cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, brain cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, colon cancer, and rectal cancer. Whereas, HIV-related cancers included cervical cancer and lymphoma. The average time to cancer diagnosis after HIV was 2.73 years, with a standard deviation of 3.06 years, indicating large range of variation in each respondent. The confidence interval of 1.41-4.06 years means a high time difference between respondents. The earliest time to cancer symptoms in HIV was 0.6 years, and the longest time was 14.6 years. Timeframe for cancer to appear after HIV diagnosis is influenced by severe immunodeficiency, as indicated by decreased CD4 counts, age, opportunistic infections, genetic history of cancer, and cancer type. It is important to have self-awareness about early cervical cancer screening for HIV-positive women and regulations that integrate cancer screening services into HIV service units.
Copyright (c) 2025 Chaterina Janes Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
ASSOCIATION OF AGE AND FOUR SCORE WITH ICU LENGTH OF STAY IN POST-CRANIOTOMY PATIENTS AT SAKINAH HOSPITAL MOJOKERTO
This study aimed to analyze the association factors between age, FOUR Score, and ICU length of stay among post-craniotomy patients treated at Sakinah Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 01 October to 12 December 2025 involving adult post-craniotomy patients admitted consecutively to the ICU. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old, intubated postoperatively, and had a completed FOUR Score assessment. Fisher’s Exact Test and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were applied to examine associations between age, FOUR Score, and ICU LOS. A significance level of p < 0.05 was used. 29 patients, 58.6% were aged ≥53 years and 62.1% experienced prolonged ICU stay. A FOUR Score ≤10 was observed in 58.6% of the cohort. Lower FOUR Scores were strongly associated with prolonged ICU stay (p < 0.000; RR = 9.7; 95% CI: 1.4–63.8). Older age also demonstrated a significant association with extended LOS (p = 0.018; RR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1–7.7). Both advanced age and lower FOUR Scores were significant associated with prolonged ICU stay among post-craniotomy patients. These findings underscore the utility of integrating neurological scoring with demographic risk profiling to support early prognostication and guide resource allocation in neurosurgical critical care.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rudi Hariyono, Ika Ainur Rofi’ah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY
The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia is still relatively high, reaching 183 per 100,000 live births based on the national target of the 2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). With 4,150 cases, this figure shows a significant gap from the target set in the 2024 RPJMN. The three main causes of maternal death in Indonesia are gestational hypertension (GHD), hemorrhage, and infection. These three causes are largely preventable with appropriate and prompt medical intervention. Despite improvements in the quality of prenatal care, the incidence of gestational hypertension continues to rise. The exact cause of gestational hypertension remains unknown, and the disease is thought to be multifactorial. Currently, there is no definitive way to prevent gestational hypertension . Research Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the factors causing hypertension in pregnancy and to provide appropriate preventive solutions. The research method used was descriptive research with an observational approach to examine the characteristics of patients with hypertension in pregnancy at Dr. Wahidin Sudiro Husodo Regional General Hospital, Mojokerto City, in 2024-2025. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, the analysis results obtained by the Maternal Age variable have a p-value of 0.877 (> 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no relationship between Maternal Age and the occurrence of Hypertension in Pregnancy, the Parity variable has a p-value of 0.995 (> 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no relationship between Parity and the occurrence of Hypertension in Pregnancy, the Gestational Age variable has a p-value of 0.998 (> 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no relationship between Gestational Age and the occurrence of Hypertension in Pregnancy, the Obesity variable has a p-value of 0.998 (> 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no relationship between Obesity and the occurrence of Hypertension in Pregnancy, the Gestational DM variable has a p-value of 0.988 (> 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no relationship between Gestational DM and the occurrence of Hypertension in Pregnancy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indah Kusmindarti, Nila Triayuningsasi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
MORTALITY RISK DETERMINANTS IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: AN EVIDENCE-BASED LITERATURE REVIEW
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) remains a major global health problem and a leading cause of mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where delays in treatment and limited access to reperfusion persist. Early identification of mortality determinants is essential for optimizing management and improving outcomes. This evidence-based review aimed to summarize contemporary predictors of mortality in ACS, incorporating clinical, demographic, laboratory, and hemodynamic factors. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2017 and 2025. Eleven studies met the eligibility criteria and were synthesized narratively. The findings show that hemodynamic instability, including hypotension, tachycardia, and cardiogenic shock, is the most consistent predictor of early and in-hospital mortality. Renal impairment, high Killip class, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and cardiac arrest at presentation also substantially increase risk. Age and comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease contribute to both short- and long-term mortality. System delays, including prolonged symptom-to-door and door-to-balloon times, further worsen outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings. The Simple Risk Index (SRI) emerges as a practical early risk-stratification tool. Strengthening early recognition, ensuring timely reperfusion, and improving management of comorbidities are crucial steps to reduce ACS-related mortality
Copyright (c) 2025 ika ainur rofiah, Rudi Hariyono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN AMONG OLDERADULTS AT ANGGREK HEALTH CENTER, MOJOKERTO
Cognitive decline is one of the health problems often experienced by the elderly due to the ageing process, which can affect their ability to remember, concentrate, and maintain independence in daily activities. Physical activity plays an important role in maintaining cognitive function by increasing blood flow to the brain, stimulating neuroplasticity, and slowing down the degenerative process. This study aims to analyse the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in elderly at Anggrek Health Centre in Japan Village, Sooko District, Mojokerto. This study used a quantitative method with a correlational analytical design and a cross-sectional approach. A total of 73 elderly people were sampled using total sampling technique. Physical activity was measured using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), while cognitive function was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The data were analysed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the majority of elderly people were in the active physical activity category (68.5%) and had normal cognitive function (67.1%). There was a significant relationship between physical activity and cognitive function (p = 0.001), where physically active elderly people tended to have better cognitive function. These findings emphasise the importance of encouraging regular physical activity as a promotional and preventive measure to maintain the cognitive health of elderly people at the community level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yossa Mayang Pitaloka, Amin Zakaria, S.Kep.Ners.M.Kes., Dr. Musthika Wida Mashitah, S.Kep., Ners., M.Biomed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFFECT OF HYPROLA (HYPNOBREASTFEEDING AND LAVENDERAROMATHERAPY) ON BREAST MILK FLOW IN POSTPARTUM MOTHERS
Breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for infants; however, exclusive breastfeeding rates in Indonesia remain suboptimal. One of the main challenges during the early postpartum period is inadequate breast milk flow, which is often associated with maternal anxiety and insufficient stimulation of prolactin and oxytocin hormones. Non-pharmacological interventions focusing on maternal relaxation may support lactation. This study aimed to examine the effect of HYPROLA therapy, a combination of hypnobreastfeeding and lavender aromatherapy, on breast milk flow in postpartum mothers.This study employed a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design involving 15 postpartum mothers within 2–7 days after delivery. Participants were selected using total sampling. HYPROLA therapy was administered according to a standardized protocol. Breast milk flow was assessed before and after the intervention using an observation sheet and questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significance level of 0.05.The results showed a significant improvement in breast milk flow following the intervention. Before HYPROLA therapy, only 13.3% of participants experienced smooth breast milk flow, whereas after the intervention, 93.3% demonstrated smooth milk flow (p = 0.001). In conclusion, HYPROLA therapy significantly improves breast mil
Copyright (c) 2025 ariu dewi yanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
THE RELATIONSHIP OF BONDING ATTACHMENT BETWEEN CHILDREN AND WORKING MOTHERS TOWARDS CHILDREN'S SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND INDEPENDENCE IN AL IZZAH KINDERGARTEN, MOJOKERTO
The golden age period is a time of growth for children that occurs early in their lives. During this period, children's growth and development occur very rapidly. The foundation of children's growth and development during the golden age is the family environment. The family is the primary environment for children's growth and development, shaping the good and bad aspects of human personality. The role of mothers as parents is very important in forming a bonding attachment with children. Working mothers have less time with their children, which can affect their development. The treatment given by parents to children, whether in the form of affection or protection, according to the child's needs, will foster a bond. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between children's attachment to working mothers and the development of children's social independence at Al Izzah Kindergarten, Mojokerto. Quantitative research method with correlation research type, and its output is a Book with an ISBN and the Bershinta research journal. Based on the results of the Pearson correlation test, which shows a correlation coefficient of 0.537 and a significance level of 0.002 between the bonding attachment variable and social development and independence. The significance value is less than 0.05; therefore, the Ha statement is accepted. The correlation value of 0.537, according to the correlation coefficient value guidelines, indicates that the level of bonding attachment relationship between children and working mothers to social development and independence is included in the category of strong or high relationships.
Bonding attachment, Social development, independance
Copyright (c) 2025 Lida Khalimatus Sadiya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Lifting Moving Management with Role Play Method On Volunteers Mojokerto Tanggap Bencana (MTB)
Lifting and moving disaster victim management skills are important competencies for volunteers. Incorrect techniques can aggravate the victim's injury, but it is also at high risk of causing back injury to volunteers. Mojokerto Tanggap Bencana (MTB) volunteers need effective training methods to ensure safe mastery of techniques. The Role Play method was chosen because it offers a simulation of real situations of hands-on practical learning. analyzes the effect of the application of the Role Play method on the improvement of the knowledge and skills of lifting moving victims in MTB volunteers. This study used a quasi-experimental design of One-Group Pretest-Posttest with a total sampling technique of 56 active MTB volunteers. The intervention provided was lifting moving training using the Role Play method. Knowledge was measured using an intervention pre-post test questionnaire . Skills were measured using a standard checklist on a score scale of 0-100. Data analysis was carried out by paired t-test. The implementation of lifting moving management by volunteers prior to role play training is still low, with nearly half of respondents (48%) rated "Not Appropriate." However, role play training succeeded in substantially improving the competence of volunteers, as shown by a significant surge in respondents who carried out according to the SOP to (86%). The results of paired t-test confirmed that there was a significant influence of the method with a p value of 0.000<α(0.05), this proves the effectiveness of the role play method in improving lifting moving management. Simulations that are close to field conditions, coupled with live feedback, allow volunteers to internalize safe lifting moving techniques and practice decision-making skills. The Role Play method is effective in increasing the knowledge and management skills of lifting moving victims in MTB volunteers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Heni Fauziah, Agus Haryanto , Eka Nur So’emah, Mufarika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF THE UTILIZATION OF POSYANDU JIWA IN THE BLOTO PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER AREA IN 2025
Mental health is part of the health status that must be achieved at the optimal level. Indicators that can be used include a decrease in psychosocial problems and the incidence of people with mental disorders (ODGJ). A service that plays a fundamental role and directly impacts the community is Posyandu Jiwa. This service is provided by the community, from the community, and for the community. The main service providers at Posyandu are mental health cadres under the guidance and support of health workers at the local Community Health Center. Posyandu Jiwa provides services for people with mental disorders (ODGJ). Services provided include regular health screenings, skills or vocational development, spiritual guidance, Group Activity Therapy (TAK), and family therapy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the utilization of Posyandu Jiwa in the working area of Bloto Health Center in 2025. This type of research is quantitative with a Cross Sectional approach. The sampling technique is total sampling. The research data were obtained from questionnaires on ODGJ knowledge, cadre behavior, family support, and ODGJ motivation. Data analysis using Chi square. There is a relationship between knowledge and the utilization of Posyandu Jiwa in Bloto Health Center in 2025 with a p-value = 0.000 (p <0.05). There is a relationship between cadre behavior and the utilization of Posyandu Jiwa in Bloto Health Center in 2025 with a p-value = 0.001 (p <0.05). There is a relationship between family support and the utilization of Posyandu Jiwa in Bloto Health Center in 2025 with a p-value = 0.001 (p <0.05). There was a correlation between patient motivation and utilization of the Posyandu Jiwa (Mental Health Post) at the Bloto Community Health Center in 2025, with a p-value of 0.002 (p < 0.05). The factor most closely related to Posyandu Jiwa utilization was knowledge, with a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). One effort that needs to be improved to further optimize Posyandu Jiwa utilization is to improve knowledge among cadres, families, and cooperative individuals with mental disorders.
Copyright (c) 2025 Imam Zainuri, Lilik Ma’rifatul Azizah, Amar Akbar, Siti Khotijah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF BALLOON BLOWING EXERCISE ON PEAKEXPIRATORY FLOW IN COPD PATIENTS
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains a threat to global communities. COPD negatively affects health due to progressively reversible airflow obstruction. This disease has a prognosis that continues to worsen over time. Mortality in patients hospitalized for exacerbations with hypercapnia and acidosis is estimated at 10%. Mortality is 40% in patients who require mechanical ventilation one year after treatment and 49% mortality overall. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of Balloon Blowing Exercise on peak expiratory flow in COPD patients. This research is a quantitative study with a pre-experimental design using a one-group pre-post test approach. The sample in this study consisted of COPD patients who met the inclusion criteria, namely not currently experiencing contagious pulmonary infections, totaling 30 respondents. The tools used for data collection are balloons, a peak flow meter to measure peak expiratory flow, and SPOs for the balloon blowing exercise breathing exercises. The research results obtained data showing the average value (Mean) of Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) before the Balloon Blowing Exercise intervention was 90.83 lpm. With a standard deviation of 23.271, this indicates that the peak expiratory flow data in the pre-test group tends to have variations that are not too far from the average value and are largely clustered around the mean value of 90.83. The peak expiratory flow data of patients after the Balloon Blowing Exercise intervention (post-test) showed an average (Mean) PEF value of 103.53 lpm. With a standard deviation of 28.565, this indicates that the post-test PEF data distribution is not too far from its mean. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test results showed a Sig.(2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05, meaning H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, indicating that there is an effect of the Balloon Blowing Exercise on PEF in patients with COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). This exercise involves the use of respiratory muscles, thereby helping to strengthen those muscles and improve breathing efficiency. By improving ventilation, preventing water trapping, and strengthening the respiratory muscles, Balloon Blowing Exercise can reduce the work of breathing, which impacts the improvement of APE scores
Balloon Blowing Excercise, COPD, Peak Expiratory Flow
Copyright (c) 2025 Enny Virda Yuniarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFFECT OF HYPNOPRESSURE ON BREASTFEEDING SELF-EFFICACYAND BREAST MILK PRODUCTION IN POSTPARTUM MOTHERS
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy (BSE) and milk production are two important components that directly influence breastfeeding success. Hypnopressure, a combination of hypnosis and acupressure, is considered capable of improving the psychological condition of mothers and stimulating the physiological mechanisms involved in the lactation process. This study aims to analyze the effect of hypnopressure on BSE and milk production in breastfeeding mothers. The study used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The sample consisted of 17 normal postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. BSE was measured using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form (BSES-SF), while milk production was measured using an electric pump. The hypnopressure intervention was given for seven days with a duration of 40 minutes per session. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed a significant increase in milk production, with the average volume increasing from 10.29 ml before the intervention to 58.18 ml after the intervention (p = 0.000). Similarly, the BSE score increased significantly from an average of 49.82 to 56.53 (p = 0.000). These findings indicate that hypnopressure plays a role in increasing relaxation, reducing anxiety, and strengthening hormonal responses through increased secretion of oxytocin and prolactin. This study concludes that hypnopressure is effective in increasing BSE and milk production in breastfeeding mothers. This intervention is recommended as a non-pharmacological strategy that can be integrated into midwifery services to support breastfeeding success, especially for mothers with high stress levels or low milk production.
Hypnopressure; Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy (BSE); Breast Milk Production; Lactation
Copyright (c) 2025 Etik Khusniyati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFFECT OF PICTURE-BOOK BIBLIOTHERAPY ON ANXIETY REDUCTIONIN HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN AT ANWAR MEDIKA HOSPITAL
Hospitalization is a process that requires a person to be hospitalized for treatment, until they are allowed to go home. This process often causes stress and anxiety, especially for children, because they have to adapt to a foreign environment, be separated from their families, and undergo medical treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of bibliotherapy with picture story books on reducing children's anxiety levels in the Lily Room of Anwar Medika Hospital, Sidoarjo. The research design used a Quasi-experiment with a one-group pre-test–post-test design. The population in this study were all children treated in the Lily Room of Anwar Medika Hospital. The sample was taken using an accidental sampling technique, obtaining 37 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, which means there is an effect of bibliotherapy with picture story books on reducing the level of hospitalization anxiety in children in the Lily Room of Anwar Medika Hospital, Sidoarjo. Bibliotherapy with picture books is highly effective in reducing anxiety in children because the text and illustrations in books are engaging and provide a distraction that can reduce anxiety.
Child, Bibliotherapy, Anxiety, Hospitalization
Copyright (c) 2025 Tri Peni, Tri Ratnaningsih, Siti Indatul Laili https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effectiveness of Nutmeg Seed–Aloe Vera Ointment Compared with Ice Compresses for Bruise Healing: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Bruises are a common problem experienced by Tapak Suci athletes caused by impact or trauma that leads to bleeding under the skin, pain, and swelling. Despite their potential benefits, non-pharmacological therapies have not been widely chosen. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of giving Nutmeg seed and Aloe vera compared to ice compresses for bruises injuries recovery. A quasi-experiment design used on 46 Tapak Suci athletes who divided into two groups, and selected using accidental sampling technique. The intervention group was given Nutmeg seed and Aloe vera ointment for 7 days, and the control group was given ice compresses for 7 days. The instrument used was an observation sheet, and analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney tests (α≤0.05). The study showed that 65.2% of respondents experienced fast healing after giving Nutmeg seed and Aloe vera. Both the intervention and control groups showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test results (p=0.001; p=0.000). There was a notable contrast in bruise coloration changes between the two groups during the pre-test and post-test assessments (p=1.000; p=0.001). In conclusion, Nutmeg seed and Aloe vera demonstrated greater efficacy in promoting bruise healing compared to ice compress therapy, accelerating recovery by approximately one day.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Hidayati, Ilma Fauziyah Firdaus, Aprelia Afidatul Hanafi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
PREVALENCE AND IMPACT OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE ON ADOLESCENTS IN MOJOKERTO DISTRICT
Sexual violence is a serious issue in maternity nursing as it directly impacts reproductive health, including physical trauma, damage to reproductive organs, unwanted pregnancies, and prolonged psychological trauma. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of sexual violence among adolescents in Mojokerto Regency and describe its forms and impacts. The research employed a descriptive design, conducted in Mojokerto Regency from July to September 2025. A total of 220 respondents were selected using accidental sampling. The study variables included the prevalence of sexual violence incidents and their impacts, measured using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution. The results showed that 118 adolescents (53.7%) had experienced sexual violence. The most common type was verbal harassment (40.7%), followed by a combination of verbal and physical violence (29.6%), physical violence (17%), and chat calling (12.7%). The most significant impact experienced by victims was social (44.8%), followed by combined physical-psychological-social impacts (22.7%), psychological (12.7%), spiritual (8.4%), physical (7.2%), and physical-psychological (4.2%). The dominance of female victims reflects the influence of patriarchal culture and gender inequality. The prevalence of verbal violence indicates low public awareness that certain utterances constitute harassment. Sexual violence often leads to social isolation, necessitating holistic management to enable adolescents to recover in a safe and supportive environment.
Prevalence, Sexual Violence, Adolescents
Copyright (c) 2025 Noer Saudah, Indah Lestari, Chasiru Zainal Abidin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
APPLICATION OF JEAN WATSON'S THEORY IN BREATHING EXERCISE INTERVENTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Background: Jean Watson's Caring Theoryemphasizes an empathetic and humanistic relationship between nurses and patients. This literature review aims to examine the application of this theory in breathing exercisesas a holistic approach to improving the physical and psychological conditionof patients. Method: The method used was a database searchon PubMed and Google Scholar with a publication periodrange of 2015-2025. Results: The results show that exercises such as slow deepbreathing, diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation,and finger hold relaxation are effective in reducing blood pressure and anxietyand improving lung function and quality of life. Conclusion: The collaborationbetween Jean Watson's Caring theory and breathing exercises can strengthen the holistic aspectof nursing, create a therapeutic environment, and accelerate the physical and psychological recoveryof patients.
Copyright (c) 2025 Metilda, Theophylia Melisa Manumara, Mohamad Aldi, Aulia Ramadhani, Siti Kania Ramadhany, Nisa Aulia Ervani, Siti Asiyah, Tiara Pebriyanti, Faruz Balqis Anasthasya, Rizma Rizkian Azzahra, Tasya nabila sari, Siti Salwa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0