The Effect Yoga Gymnastic to Blood Pressure Fluctuation on Hypertension Patients at Sumocali Village Scandi District Sidoarjo Regency

Background: Hypertension is the most common disease found in the community, not only lowers quality of life, but can be life-threatening. Hypertension is known as heterogeneous group of disease because it can affect anyone from different age groups and various economic classes. One of the non-pharmacological therapy for hypertension is yoga exercises. Research Objectives: To determine the effect of yoga exercises on blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Sumokali village, Candi district, Sidoarjo regency. Research Method: This research method using one group pre test - post test design. The sampling technique used simple random sampling, with population of hypertension patients in Sumokali Village, Candi District of Sidoarjo Regency and a large sample of 18 people according to criteria. Data collection used interval scale and instrument used is observation sheet. This yoga exercise was done for 2 weeks in the morning or afternoon. Result: The result of Paired T-Test test shows that the value of Ï-Value (0,000) <Î± (0,05) as well as the result that yoga gymnastics have an effect on fluctuation of blood pressure in hypertension patient in Sumokali Village, Candi District of Sidoarjo Regency. Conclusion: Gymnastics yoga was one effective therapy, easy to do and useful. Because yoga gymnastics can make the body become relaxed and blood vessels become vasodilates so that the blood flow and oxygen supply become smooth. Keywords: yoga gymnastics, blood pressure, hypertension patient.


INTRODUCTION
Heart and blood vessel disease, including hypertension, has been a deadly disease of many people in developed and developing countries over the past eight decades. Hypertension is often referred to as a silent killer because it is often hypertensive sufferers for years without feeling any disturbance or symptoms (Triyanto, 2014 (Dido Sidoarjo, 2012). One of the non-pharmacological therapy in people with hypertension is yoga exercises. Gymnastics yoga is an activity where one concentrates his entire mind to control the senses and the body as a whole. (Triyanto, 2014). Based on a preliminary study conducted by researchers 10 respondents have hypertension with blood pressure> 140 mmHg / 90 mmHg. In the background, researchers are interested in researching with the title "The Influence of Yoga Gymnastics on Blood Pressure Fluctuation in Hypertension Patients in Sumokali Village, Candi District of Sidoarjo Regency.

RESEARCH PURPOSE
The research aim was to know the Influence of Yoga Gymnastics on Fluctuation of Blood Pressure on Hypertension Patients in Sumokali Village Candi Sidoarjo Regency.

METHOD
This research used design (One Group Pretest-Posttest Design) and the population were 39 persons with hypertension. Simple Random Sampling, and using Paired T-Test.
The independent variable was Yoga gymnastic, and the dependent variable was blood pressure on hypertension people. This research conducted at 4 th -23 rd April 2016 in Sumokali village, Candi District, Sidoarjo regency. Based on Table 4.7 it is known that before being given treatment, most respondents have moderate blood pressure category 160-179 mmHg / 100-109 mmHg as many as 10 respondents (55.6%).  Based on the results of the research can be seen that the average blood pressure before treatment is given systole 160 mmHg and diastole 101 mmHg and average blood pressure after treatment is given systole 153 mmHg and diastole 94 mmHg. These results indicate a change in blood pressure after being given yoga exercises.

DISCUSSION
Based on Table 4.7 it is known that before being given treatment, most respondents are 10 respondents (55.6%) have moderate hypertension blood pressure, i.e., between 160-179 mmHg / 100-109 mmHg.
Hypertension is not only caused by a single factor, but a variety of factors can be the originator of the occurrence of hypertension such as disease complications, lifestyle, descent as described previously. The data obtained by each respondent vary due to factors affecting blood pressure and the cause of hypertension among individuals of different factors. This ensures a more accurate interpretation of blood pressure measurements (Marliani, 2007). After the treatment, 10 respondents (55.6%) experienced a change of blood pressure into a light category. Based on existing theory various factors influence blood pressure, as described above. And the action to reduce the pressure of one of these nonpharmacological therapies is with yoga exercises. Gymnastics yoga has proven to increase levels of β-endorphin up to five times in the blood. The more gymnastics, the higher the β-endorphin level. Endorphin is a neuropeptide that produces the body during relaxation and calm. When a person performs gymnastics, then β-endorphin will come out and be captured by receptors in the hypothalamus and limbic system that serves to regulate emotions. Increased β-endorphin proved to be closely related to decreased pain, increased memory, improved appetite, sexual ability, blood pressure and respiration (Shindu, 2006). This hormone can function as a natural sedative produced by the brain that channel comfort and increase endorphin levels in the body to lower blood pressure.
The results of this study are also in line with the results of research conducted by Trisnadewi (2014) on "The Effect of Asanas Yoga Practice on Blood Pressure on Primary Hypertension Sufferers in Pasemetonan SegerOger Denpasar" The results showed a significant change between blood pressure before and after asana given yoga. This is evident from the average systolic pressure value down as much as 20.07 mmHg and the average diastolic pressure down 13.08 mmHg.

For Health Officers
Health workers can make yoga gymnastics as an alternative to independent nursing actions that can be used by nurses in providing counseling to surrounding communities, to prevent complications.

For Further Researchers
The researchers then could use control variables as a comparison and look for other therapies to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients.